Neurosurgery notes/Anatomy/Cortex/Temporal lobe/Mesial temporal lobe/Hippocampus

Hippocampus

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Parent item
Mesial temporal lobe

General

  • Occupies the medial part of the floor of the temporal horn
2. Head of the caudate nucleus
5. Uncal recess
6. Thalamus
7. Head of the hippocampus
8. Body of the hippocampus
9. Collateral eminence
10. Fimbria
11. Tail of the hippocampus
12. Collateral trigone
13. Bulb of the callosum
 
notion image
  1. Splenium of the corpus callosum
  1. Left frontal horn
  1. Fornix
  1. Foramen of Monro
  1. Bulb of the callosum
  1. Thalamus
  1. Internal capsule
  1. Calcar avis
  1. Tail of the hippocampus
  1. Lateral geniculate body
    1. Inferior ventricular vein (blue)
    2. Anterior choroidal artery (red)
  1. Globus pallidus
  1. Collateral trigone
  1. Body of the hippocampus and fimbria
  1. Head of the hippocampus
  1. Amygdala
notion image
 

Parts

Head

  • Anterior and largest part of the hippocampus;
  • Directed first anteriorly and then medially.
  • At the medial end of the tip of the temporal horn, the head of the hippocampus turns up vertically and bends over laterally, forming the medial wall of the tip of the temporal horn anterior to the choroidal fissure.
  • The head of the hippocampus is the only part of the hippocampus that is free of choroid plexus.
  • The posterior limit of the head of the hippocampus is characterized by the initial segment of the fimbria and the choroidal fissure.
  • Has three or four hippocampal digitations,
    • Resembles that of a feline paw.
    • The origin of the hippocampal digitations is thought to be the result of some obstacle to forward development of the hippocampus.
  • Relations
    • The head of the hippocampus is directed toward the posterior segment of the uncus
    • Superior
      • Posterior inferior portion of amygdala
        • Amygdala fused with the medial portion of the hippocampal head
    • Anteriorly
      • Uncal recess of the temporal horn,
        • The part of the temporal horn (space) that is located between the anterior wall and the head of the hippocampus
          • The uncal recess actually is the continuation of the collateral eminence , which follows the anterior and then medial turn of the hippocampus.

Body

  • Starts at the inferior choridal point
    • The emergence of the choroid plexus, the fimbria, and consequently the choroidal fissure marks the beginning of the body of the hippocampus
  • At temporal horn
    • Fimbrae runs at the medial border of the body of the hippocampus
    • Collateral eminence of the (floor of temporal horn) runs lateral to the body of hippocampus
  • Images
      1. Planum polare
      1. Rhinal sulcus
      1. Anterior segment of the uncus
      1. Apex of the uncus
      1. Globus pallidus
      1. Limen insulae
      1. Head of the hippocampus
      1. Inferior choroidal point
      1. Collateral eminence
      1. Parahippocampal gyrus
      1. Fimbria
      1. Body of the hippocampus
      1. Heschl's gyrus
      1. Middle transverse temporal gyrus
      1. Tail of the hippocampus
      1. Calcar avis
      1. Bulb of the callosum
      * Sylvian point (middle cerebral artery)
      notion image
      1. Rhinal sulcus
      1. Limen insulae
      1. Uncal apex
      1. Semilunar gyrus
      1. Amygdala
      1. Uncus posterior segment
      1. Medial wall of temporal horn anterior to inferior choroidal point
      1. Fornix (cut)
      notion image
      1. Rhinal sulcus
      1. Amygdala
      1. Semilunar gyrus
      1. Head of hippocampus
      1. Uncus posterior segment
      1. Inferior choroidal point
      * Uncal recess
      notion image

Tail

Relations

  • At atrium
    • Forms medial part of the floor of the atrium
  • Laterally
    • Related to the collateral trigone
      • The lateral part of the floor of the atrium
  • Medially
    • Tail of hippocampus fuses with
      • Calcar avis (macroscopically)
        • The inferior buldging on the medial wall of the atrium
      • Subsplenial gyrus (Microscopically)
        • Covers the inferior splenial surface

Image

  1. Splenium of the corpus callosum
  1. Head of the caudate nucleus
  1. Thalamus
  1. Genu of the internal capsule
  1. Anterior limb of the internal capsule
  1. Posterior limb of the internal capsule
  1. Calcar avis
  1. Glomus (choroid plexus)
  1. Retrolentiform part of the internal capsule
  1. Lentiform nucleus
  1. Collateral trigone
  1. Sublentiform part of the internal capsule and roof of the temporal horn
notion image
  1. Splenium of the corpus callosum
  1. Left frontal horn
  1. Fornix
  1. Foramen of Monro
  1. Bulb of the callosum
  1. Thalamus
  1. Internal capsule
  1. Calcar avis
  1. Tail of the hippocampus
  1. Lateral geniculate body, inferior ventricular vein (blue) and anterior choroidal artery (red)
  1. Globus pallidus
  1. Collateral trigone
  1. Body of the hippocampus and fimbria
  1. Head of the hippocampus
  1. Amygdala
notion image