Cranial nerve development

The cranial sensory (afferent) and parasympathetic (visceral efferent) ganglia appear during the end of the 4th week and the beginning of the 5th week.

The nasal placodes give rise to the primary neurosensory cells of the olfactory epithelium, and the axons of these cells form the olfactory nerve (I), which penetrates the olfactory bulb of the telencephalon.
With some exceptions, the remaining cranial nerve sensory ganglia show a regular stratification with respect to their origin: the ganglia that lie closer to the brain (proximal) are derived from neural crest cells, whereas the neurons of ganglia lying farther from the brain (distal ganglia) are formed by placode-derived cells.

The sensory ganglia associated with the second, third, fourth, and sixth pharyngeal arches are derived from the corresponding epipharyngeal placodes and from neural crest cells.
Each of these nerves has both a

Arch	Nerve	Artery	Muscle	Bone
1st (Mandibular)	V2 and V3	Maxillary, ECA	Mastication Anterior belly of digastric Mylohyoid Tensor tympani Tensor veli palatini	Maxilla, mandible, zygoma, temporal bone, incus, malleus, Meckel's cartilage, sphenomandibular ligament
2nd (Hyoid)	VII	Stapedial, hyoid	Muscles of facial expression Buccinator Platysma Stapedius Stylohyoid Posterior belly of digastric Auricular	Stapes, temporal styloid process, lesser horn and upper body of hyoid, stylohyoid ligament, Reichert's cartilage
3rd	IX	CC/ICA	Stylopharyngeus	Greater horn and lesser body of hyoid, thymus, inferior parathyroids
4th	X, superior laryngeal	Right: subclavian Left: aortic arch	Cricothyroid Intrinsic muscle of soft palate (except tensor veli palatine)	Thyroid cartilage, superior parathyroids, epiglottic cartilage
6th	X, recurrent laryngeal	Right: pulmonary Left: pulmonary and ductus arteriosus	Intrinsic muscle of larynx (except cricothyroid)	Cricoid cartilage, arytenoid cartilage, corniculate cartilage, cuneiform cartilage