DaT scan
- Based on GE Information Leaflet
- Purposes
- DaT scan is a radiopharmaceutical indicated for striatal dopamine transporter visualization using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) brain imaging to assist in the evaluation of adult patients with suspected parkinsonian syndromes.
- DaT scan may be used to help differentiate essential tremor from tremor due to idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).
- Limitations
- DaT scan was not designed to distinguish among PD, MSA, and PSP.
Ioflupane I-123 injection
- I-123 has a half-life of 13 hours and a gamma photon energy of 159 keV.
- Ioflupane has a high binding affinity for presynaptic dopamine transporters (DAT).
- Parkinson's disease: marked reduction in dopaminergic neurones in the striatal region.
- Injection activity is approx. 185 MBq.
- Scan 3—6 hours post injection
- Thyroid blocking: 120 mg potassium iodide PO to minimise uptake of radioiodine. 2 hours before the injection and 24 hours later.
Normal DaT scan
- In young adult
- Brain SPECT Scan of Dopamine Transporters (i.v. administration of I-123 FPCIT):
- The striatal uptake of the radioligand is within normal limits, confirming a normal distribution of presynaptic dopamine neurones that would be found in normal subjects, essential tremor and drug induced pseudo-parkinsonism. The scan essentially excludes degenerative parkinsonism.
- “Comma-shaped” uptake striatum
- DaTSCAN showing normal Ioflupane (I-123) uptake in the caudate and putamen.
- In idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD)
- The patient was assumed to be free of any medication that may interfere with dopamine transporters (including recreational drugs)
- The striatal uptake of the radioligand is reduced and confirms a presynaptic dopaminergic deficit. This confirms a diagnosis of degenerative parkinsonism.
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