- General
- Aka vasopressin.
- Source
- Synthesized in hypothalamus (supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei).
- Stored and secreted by posterior pituitary.
- Function
- Regulates blood pressure via V₁-receptors.
- Regulates serum osmolality via V₂-receptors.
- Primary function is serum osmolality regulation.
- ADH → ↓ serum osmolality, ↑ urine osmolality.
- Acts via regulation of aquaporin channel insertion in principal cells of renal collecting duct.
- Clinical notes
- ADH level is ↓ in central diabetes insipidus (DI).
- ADH level is normal or ↑ in nephrogenic DI.
- Nephrogenic DI can be caused by mutation in V₂-receptor.
- Desmopressin (ADH analog) treats central DI and nocturnal enuresis.
- Vasopressin is a potent vasopressor that can increase organ perfusion in septic shock.
- Regulation
- Plasma osmolality (primary).
- Hypovolemia.
Made with Bullet