- Patients with no CM are defined as a C7 plumb line being within 2 cm of the central sacral vertical line.
- Concave CM (type 1) (Coronal malalignment) as the coronal plumb-line being on the ipsilateral side of the concavity of the curve
- Convex CM (type 2) where the plumbline is on the convex side of the curve
- Outcomes
- older than 50 years with CM 1A1 or 1A2 had worse self-image
- 2A1 and 2B had worse self-image, satisfaction, and physical function.