Neurosurgery notes/Trauma/Head Trauma general/TBI classification

TBI classification

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Parent item
Head Trauma general
Sub-item
Severity of head injury
The extent of structural damage (CT classification)
Injury burden: Extracranial injuries
Mechanism of injury
  • Multidimensional integrated system for classification exists, but this goal is being pursued in ongoing large- scale observational studies (Maas et al., 2017).
  • Different approaches to classification of TBI
      • Mechanism of injury
      - Closed
      - Penetrating
      - Crush
      - Blast
      - Combination
      Clinical severity
      - GCS 3–8: Severe
      - GCS 9–13: Moderate
      - GCS 14–15: Mild
      Injury burden (AIS and ISS)*
      - 1: Minor
      - 2: Moderate
      - 3: Serious
      - 4: Severe
      - 5: Critical
      - 6: Virtually unsurvivable
      Structural damage: CT Classification
      - Diffuse injury I
      - Diffuse injury II
      - Diffuse injury III
      - Diffuse injury IV
      - Evacuated mass lesion
      - Non-evacuated mass lesion
      Prognostic risk
      CRASH and IMPACT prognostic models
    • *AIS per body region: external (skin), head/neck (including brain injury), thorax, abdomen/pelvic contents, spine, and extremities
    • ISS: Injury Severity Score (Baker et al., 1974)
      notion image
    • Abbreviations: LOC = loss of consciousness, GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale score.
    • † “Critical” designation is used by some to indicate the most severe injuries (GCS = 3–4).