Definition
- A germ cell tumour composed of somatic tissues derived from two or three of the germ layers (i.e. the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm).
All elements are completely differentiated
- Only Non-malignant type
Frequency
- 19.6% (63.3% of Teratoma)
- Commonest pure NGGCT (7% of pineal GCTs)
Histopathology
- Macroscopic
- Fully differentiated adult type tissue elements
- Exhibit very little mitotic activity
- Mature skin, skin appendages, adipose tissue, neural tissue, smooth muscle, cartilage, bone, minor salivary glands, respiratory epithelium, and gastrointestinal epithelium
Blood markers
- Alpha-fetoprotein- Incompletely differentiated enteric glands in immature teratomas can also secrete AFP
Management
- Curable by surgical excision.
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