Gene loci
- Chromosome 8q24.21
Normal function
- MYC encodes a bHLH transcription factor regulating cell proliferation, growth, metabolism, differentiation, apoptosis.
- Dimerizes with MAX to bind E-box sequences, activating genes for ribosomal biogenesis, cell cycle, metabolism.
Mutated effects
- Overexpression via amplification/translocation drives relentless proliferation, inhibits checkpoints, increases biogenesis, genomic instability.
- Promotes hallmarks of cancer: growth, survival, metabolism rewiring, immune evasion.
- Can induce apoptosis/senescence in normal cells unless suppressed.
Clinical association
- Present in
- Group 3 Medulloblastoma
- Group 4 medulloblastoma
- Spinal ependymoma MYCN-amplified
- Common in Burkitt lymphoma (translocation), breast, prostate, pancreatic, lung cancers (amplification/overexpression).
- Associated with poor prognosis, high grade, metastasis in breast/prostate/pancreatic cancers.
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